目的 分析疾病诊断相关分组（diagnosis related groups，DRG）付费下康复病组的支付现状，发现问题并进行优化处理。 方法 采用K⁃W检验，对3类不同级别医疗结构的康复相关DRG病组XR1（康复）、XR29（其他康复治疗）和经康复治疗的神经系统疾病病组BW29（脑性麻痹）的医疗总费用、DRG支付差、次均住院费用、平均住院日和重复住院率进行统计分析。 结果 康复相关DRG病组虽总体上略有盈余，但BW29亏损严重，其平均住院日长、重复住院率高；3类医疗机构间康复相关DRG病组在次均住院差、次均住院费用和平均住院日上的差异均具有统计学意义（P 均＜ 0.001）。 结论 优化康复治疗的医保支付、与长期护理保险等制度有机衔接和建立基于价值医疗的复合式医保支付方式是推进我国康复医学的高质量发展的必由之路。

Objective To analyze the payment status of the rehabilitation disease group under diagnosis related groups （DRG） payment， problems were identified and optimized， thereby providing a basis for the standardized enrollment of rehabilitation treatment and the improvement of medical insurance payment policies. Methods The K-W test was used to statistically analyze the total medical expenses， DRG payment differences， average out-of-pocket expenses， average length of staying， and readmission rates for rehabilitation-related DRG disease groups XR1 （rehabilitation）， XR29 （other rehabilitation treatments）， and BW29 （cerebral palsy） in three different levels of hospitals. Results Although the overall revenue for the the rehabilitation-related DRG disease groups is slightly positive， BW29 shows significant losses， with longer average lengths of staying and higher readmission rates. The differences in the average hospitalization difference， average hospitalization cost and average length of staying among the three types of medical institutions in the rehabilitation-related DRG disease groups were all statistically significant （all P < 0.001）. Conclusion Along with a composite payment method based on value-based healthcare， optimizing medical insurance payments for rehabilitation treatments and establishing a connection with long-term care insurance systems is essential for promoting high-quality development in rehabilitation medicine in China.