As an important member of the G protein coupled receptor superfamily, CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) is also one of the most important and affinity receptors for CXC chemokine interleukin 8. CXCR1 is often expressed on the surface of cells such as neutrophils, monocytes and T cells, which can bind to CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)6, CXCL7 and CXCL8. Studies have found that CXCR1 plays a vital role in promoting the metastasis, chemotherapy resistance and maintaining the characteristics of tumor stem cells. Down-regulating the expression of CXCR1 can significantly inhibit the biological characteristics of malignant tumors. At present, the academic field regards CXCR1 as the proto-oncogene of malignant tumors. CXCR1 is expected to become a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.